
Mercury-Redstone 3 lifts off carrying astronaut Alan Shepard in the first U.S. manned sub-orbital flight on 5 May 1961
credit to NASA Scanning credit to Kipp Teague
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Redstone - Mercury
The Redstone is a single stage launch vehicle. It was developed as a short range ballistic missile for nuclear warheads. It was selected for manned spaceflights because of its reliability record. Its design was based on Werner von Brauns' V-2. As with the V-2, the direction of the thrust could be controlled by steerable vains mounted directly beneath the engine nozzle where the engines' exhaust gases could be deflected.
The Redstone was not powerful enough to bring a man into orbit. Instead several suborbital flights or ballistic flights have been made amoung which two were manned. The first one was flown by Alan Shepard and became therefore the first american who went into space. His flight only took about 15 minutes but it gave NASA enough confidence to persue its course towards more ambitious spaceflight missions.
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